Islam­ic mod­ernism and efforts to can­on­ize raga-based music as part of a new­ly imag­ined “nation­al cul­ture” emerged on the Indi­an sub­con­ti­nent at rough­ly the same time, both respond­ing to the chal­lenges posed by British colo­nial­ism and West­ern cul­tur­al dom­i­nance. How­ev­er, while Islam­ic mod­ernist reform­ers such as Sayyid Ahmad Khan pro­mot­ed edu­ca­tion­al reform as a rem­e­dy […]

Among Puer­to Rican con­verts to Islam, mar­gin­al­iza­tion is a fact of dai­ly life. Their “authen­tic­i­ty” is ques­tioned by oth­er Mus­lims and by fel­low Borícua on the island and in the Unit­ed States. At the same time, they exist under the shad­ow of US col­o­niza­tion and as Mus­lims in the con­text of Amer­i­can empire. To be […]